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Ctf]@! . R�O4 tg]@! 4 thR�Rk ltiR�Rl ltj ! Rm Rn]k4 tlRo tmRp tn]3! 4 R 3Rq ltoRr tpR�Rs ltqR�Rt ltrR�Ru ltsR�Rv lttR�Rw ltuR�Rx ltvR RyR R ];3Rz ltwR{ txR| tyR} tz ! R~ R]{4 t|]|t}]|! 4 t~R� tR� t� ! R� R�]{4 t�R�R� lt�R# ] d ] t ELHi ; i ] d ^ RI Ht EL'i ; i ]) d ]*t( ELi ; iu upp i u uppi )�a Hyperlink provides Pythonic URL parsing, construction, and rendering.
Usage is straightforward::
>>> import hyperlink
>>> url = hyperlink.parse(u'http://github.com/mahmoud/hyperlink?utm_source=docs')
>>> url.host
u'github.com'
>>> secure_url = url.replace(scheme=u'https')
>>> secure_url.get('utm_source')[0]
u'docs'
Hyperlink's API centers on the :class:`DecodedURL` type, which wraps
the lower-level :class:`URL`, both of which can be returned by the
:func:`parse()` convenience function.
N)�AF_INET�AF_INET6)�
AddressFamily)�Any�Callable�Dict�Iterable�Iterator�List�Mapping�Optional�Sequence�Text�Tuple�Type�TypeVar�Union�cast)� normalize)� inet_pton)r )�encode�decode.�Tc �: a a� ! V V3R lR\ 4 pV! 4 # )a� Creates and returns a new **instance** of a new class, suitable for
usage as a "sentinel", a kind of singleton often used to indicate
a value is missing when ``None`` is a valid input.
Args:
name: Name of the Sentinel
var_name: Set this name to the name of the variable in its respective
module enable pickle-ability.
>>> make_sentinel(var_name='_MISSING')
_MISSING
The most common use cases here in boltons are as default values
for optional function arguments, partly because of its
less-confusing appearance in automatically generated
documentation. Sentinels also function well as placeholders in queues
and linked lists.
.. note::
By design, additional calls to ``make_sentinel`` with the same
values will not produce equivalent objects.
>>> make_sentinel('TEST') == make_sentinel('TEST')
False
>>> type(make_sentinel('TEST')) == type(make_sentinel('TEST'))
False
c �X <a � ] tR t^it o VV3R ltR t Z' d R tR t]tRt V t
R# )� make_sentinel.<locals>.Sentinelc �$ <� SV n SV n R # �N��name�var_name)�selfr r s &���0/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/hyperlink/_url.py�__init__�(make_sentinel.<locals>.Sentinel.__init__j s �� � �D�I� $�D�M� c � � V P ' d
V P # V P P : R V P : R2# )�(�))r � __class__�__name__r �r! s &r" �__repr__�(make_sentinel.<locals>.Sentinel.__repr__o s. � ��}�}�}��}�}�$� #�~�~� 6� 6�� � �B� Br% c � � V P # r )r r+ s &r" �
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4 pVP V4 WE8w g KU VP V4 Kh V# )rC z{0:02X}rA )�dict�
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safe_charsrQ �i�v�cs & r" �_make_quote_mapr_ � s` � �
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�+��� ��F�� �?� � �C�F�S�V� (� /� /�� 2� 2�C�F�S�V� ,� �Jr% �replacec �& � V' dH \ RV 4 P R4 pRP V Uu. uF p\ V, NK up4 # RP V Uu. uF pV\ 9 d \ V, MTNK up4 # u upi u upi )z�A very comprehensive percent encoding for encoding all
delimiters. Used for arguments to DecodedURL, where a % means a
percent sign, and not the character used by URLs for escaping
bytes.
�NFC�utf8� )r r �join�_UNRESERVED_QUOTE_MAP�_UNRESERVED_CHARS��text�maximal�bytestr�b�ts && r" �_encode_reservedrn � s� � � ��E�4�(�/�/��7���x�x�7�C�7�a�.�q�1�1�7�C�D�D� �8�8� �
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c �& � V' dH \ RV 4 P R4 pRP V Uu. uF p\ V, NK up4 # RP V Uu. uF pV\ 9 d \ V, MTNK up4 # u upi u upi )zUPercent-encode the first segment of a URL path for a URL without a
scheme specified.
rb rc rd )r r re � _SCHEMELESS_PATH_PART_QUOTE_MAP�_SCHEMELESS_PATH_DELIMSrh s && r" � _encode_schemeless_path_partrx s� � �
��E�4�(�/�/��7���x�x�W�M�W��8��;�;�W�M�N�N� �8�8�
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\ WdR7 MTNK up4 \ V4 # u upi u upi )a
Percent-encode a tuple of path parts into a complete path.
Setting *maximal* to False percent-encodes only the reserved
characters that are syntactically necessary for serialization,
preserving any IRI-style textual data.
Leaving *maximal* set to its default True percent-encodes
everything required to convert a portion of an IRI to a portion of
a URI.
RFC 3986 3.3:
If a URI contains an authority component, then the path component
must either be empty or begin with a slash ("/") character. If a URI
does not contain an authority component, then the path cannot begin
with two slash characters ("//"). In addition, a URI reference
(Section 4.1) may be a relative-path reference, in which case the
first path segment cannot contain a colon (":") character.
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Percent-encode a single query string key or value.
rb rc rd )r r re �_QUERY_KEY_QUOTE_MAP�_QUERY_KEY_DELIMSrh s && r" �_encode_query_keyr� U s� � �
��E�4�(�/�/��7���x�x�'�B�'�Q�-�a�0�0�'�B�C�C� �8�8�KO�P�4�a�):�$:� �a� �� A�4�P� � �� C��Prt c �& � V' dH \ RV 4 P R4 pRP V Uu. uF p\ V, NK up4 # RP V Uu. uF pV\ 9 d \ V, MTNK up4 # u upi u upi r� )r r re �_QUERY_VALUE_QUOTE_MAP�_QUERY_VALUE_DELIMSrh s && r" �_encode_query_valuer� b s� � �
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ro c �$ � V' dH \ RV 4 P R4 pRP V Uu. uF p\ V, NK up4 # RP V Uu. uF qD\ 9 d \ V, MTNK up4 # u upi u upi )zqQuote the fragment part of the URL. Fragments don't have
subdelimiters, so the whole URL fragment can be passed.
rb rc rd )r r re �_FRAGMENT_QUOTE_MAP�_FRAGMENT_DELIMSrh s && r" �_encode_fragment_partr� r s� � �
��E�4�(�/�/��7���x�x��A��A�,�Q�/�/��A�B�B� �8�8�IM�N��A�(8�#8� �Q� �a� ?��N� � �� B��Nrt c �& � V' dH \ RV 4 P R4 pRP V Uu. uF p\ V, NK up4 # RP V Uu. uF pV\ 9 d \ V, MTNK up4 # u upi u upi )zPQuote special characters in either the username or password
section of the URL.
rb rc rd )r r re �_USERINFO_PART_QUOTE_MAP�_USERINFO_DELIMSrh s && r" �_encode_userinfo_partr� s� � �
��E�4�(�/�/��7���x�x�g�F�g��1�!�4�4�g�F�G�G� �8�8� �
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ro �acapi� �afpi$ rH iD
�dns�file�ftp�giti�$ �gopher�http�httpsi� �imap�ippiw �ipps�irc�ircsi) �ldapi� �ldapsi| �mmsi� �msrpi' �msrps�mtqpi �nfs�nntp�nntpsi3 rN �prosperoi� �redisi� �rsyncii �rtspi* �rtspsiB �rtspui� �sftp�smbi� �snmp�ssh�steam�svnij �telnet�ventriloi� �vnci �wais�ws�wss�xmppc �p � V P 4 p Ve
\ V4 pVRJ d V\ V & MDVRJ d- Ve \ RV, 4 h\
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V 4 M\ RV, 4 hV' g \ P
V 4 R# \ \ 3 d \ RT: 24 hi ; i)a@ Registers new scheme information, resulting in correct port and
slash behavior from the URL object. There are dozens of standard
schemes preregistered, so this function is mostly meant for
proprietary internal customizations or stopgaps on missing
standards information. If a scheme seems to be missing, please
`file an issue`_!
Args:
text: A string representation of the scheme.
(the 'http' in 'http://hatnote.com')
uses_netloc: Does the scheme support specifying a
network host? For instance, "http" does, "mailto" does
not. Defaults to True.
default_port: The default port, if any, for
netloc-using schemes.
query_plus_is_space: If true, a "+" in the query string should be
decoded as a space by DecodedURL.
.. _file an issue: https://github.com/mahmoud/hyperlink/issues
Nz+default_port expected integer or None, not TFz>unexpected default port while specifying non-netloc scheme: %rz"uses_netloc expected bool, not: %r)rM �int�
ValueError� TypeError�SCHEME_PORT_MAP�NO_NETLOC_SCHEMES�add�NO_QUERY_PLUS_SCHEMES)ri � uses_netloc� default_port�query_plus_is_spaces &&&&r" �register_schemer� � s� � �0 �:�:�<�D�� � � �|�,�L� �d�� ,��� � �� � � #� �)�+7�8��
� � � �d�#��=� �K�L�L� � �!�!�$�'�
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� �s � B �!B5c � � V ' g R# V P 4 p V \ 9 d R# V \ 9 d R# V P R4 R, \ 9 d R# V# )a Whether or not a URL uses :code:`:` or :code:`://` to separate the
scheme from the rest of the URL depends on the scheme's own
standard definition. There is no way to infer this behavior
from other parts of the URL. A scheme either supports network
locations or it does not.
The URL type's approach to this is to check for explicitly
registered schemes, with common schemes like HTTP
preregistered. This is the same approach taken by
:mod:`urlparse`.
URL adds two additional heuristics if the scheme as a whole is
not registered. First, it attempts to check the subpart of the
scheme after the last ``+`` character. This adds intuitive
behavior for schemes like ``git+ssh``. Second, if a URL with
an unrecognized scheme is loaded, it will maintain the
separator it sees.
FT�+���)rM r� r� �split)�scheme�defaults &&r" �scheme_uses_netlocr�
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URLParseErrori- z�Exception inheriting from :exc:`ValueError`, raised when failing to
parse a URL. Mostly raised on invalid ports and IPv6 addresses.
r3 N)r* r6 r7 r8 �__doc__r: r3 r% r" r� r� - s � �� r% r� c � � V \ J d V# V # r )r@ )�argumentr� s &&r" � _optionalr� 5 s � ��6�����r% c �� � V' g \ R4 h\ W4 ' g@ \ RRP V Uu. uF q3P NK up4 : RV : RV: 24 hV# u upi )zv
Check that the given *value* is one of the given *types*, or raise an
exception describing the problem using *name*.
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Iterate over the (key, value) pairs in ``iterable``.
This handles dictionaries sensibly, and falls back to assuming the
iterable yields (key, value) pairs. This behaviour is similar to
what Python's ``dict()`` constructor does.
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MappingABC�items�iter)�iterables &r" �
iter_pairsr� _ s' � � �(�J�'�'��>�>�#�� ��>�r% c �( � \ V VV\ R 7 # ���normalize_case�encode_stray_percents� _decode_map)�_percent_decode�_UNRESERVED_DECODE_MAP�ri r� r� s &&&r" �_decode_unreservedr� m s � � � �%� 3�*� � r% c �( � \ V VV\ R 7 # r� )r� �_USERINFO_DECODE_MAPr� s &&&r" �_decode_userinfo_partr� w � � � � �%� 3�(� � r% c �( � \ V VV\ R7 # )zx
>>> _decode_path_part(u'%61%77%2f%7a')
u'aw%2fz'
>>> _decode_path_part(u'%61%77%2f%7a', normalize_case=True)
u'aw%2Fz'
r� )r� �_PATH_DECODE_MAPr� s &&&r" �_decode_path_partr � s � � � �%� 3�$� � r% c �( � \ V VV\ R 7 # r� )r� �_QUERY_KEY_DECODE_MAPr� s &&&r" �_decode_query_keyr � s � � � �%� 3�)� � r% c �( � \ V VV\ R 7 # r� )r� �_QUERY_VALUE_DECODE_MAPr� s &&&r" �_decode_query_valuer � s � � � �%� 3�+� � r% c �( � \ V VV\ R 7 # r� )r� �_FRAGMENT_DECODE_MAPr� s &&&r" �_decode_fragment_partr
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' d" T ! T P 4 4 T ! T 4 K� T ! T
4 K� i ; i \ d T' d h T u # i ; i)aT Convert percent-encoded text characters to their normal,
human-readable equivalents.
All characters in the input text must be encodable by
*subencoding*. All special characters underlying the values in the
percent-encoding must be decodable as *subencoding*. If a
non-*subencoding*-valid string is passed, the original text is
returned with no changes applied.
Only called by field-tailored variants, e.g.,
:func:`_decode_path_part`, as every percent-encodable part of the
URL has characters which should not be percent decoded.
>>> _percent_decode(u'abc%20def')
u'abc def'
Args:
text: Text with percent-encoding present.
normalize_case: Whether undecoded percent segments, such as encoded
delimiters, should be uppercased, per RFC 3986 Section 2.1.
See :func:`_decode_path_part` for an example.
subencoding: The name of the encoding underlying the percent-encoding.
raise_subencoding_exc: Whether an error in decoding the bytes
underlying the percent-decoding should be raised.
Returns:
Text: The percent-decoded version of *text*, decoded by *subencoding*.
� %r{ �N� N:r NNs %25r% ) r �UnicodeEncodeErrorr� �len�append�KeyErrorrI �upperre r �UnicodeDecodeError)ri r� � subencoding�raise_subencoding_excr� r� � quoted_bytes�bits�resr �item�hexpair�rest� pair_is_hex�unquoted_bytess &&&&&& r" r� r� � s* � �J��{�{�;�/� � � � �d� #�D�
�4�y�A�~�� � ��7�)�C�
�Z�Z�F��R���� �R��$�r�(�� � �;�'� (� �4�L� �* �X�X�c�]�N�� �$�$�[�1�1��E � �� ��� � �!�]�2�K��"7��t� � �v�� �+��w�}�}��'��t� ��t� � ��( � � � �� ��sY �B' �*B:�D/ �'
B7�6B7�:D,�D,� D,�7D,�? D,� D,�+D,�/E�E�Ec � � V ' g R# V P R4 p \ VRR7 pV# \ d T p T# i ; i \ d T p T# i ; i)u- Decode a host from ASCII-encodable text to IDNA-decoded text. If
the host text is not ASCII, it is returned unchanged, as it is
presumed that it is already IDNA-decoded.
Some technical details: _decode_host is built on top of the "idna"
package, which has some quirks:
Capital letters are not valid IDNA2008. The idna package will
raise an exception like this on capital letters:
> idna.core.InvalidCodepoint: Codepoint U+004B at position 1 ... not allowed
However, if a segment of a host (i.e., something in
url.host.split('.')) is already ASCII, idna doesn't perform its
usual checks. In fact, for capital letters it automatically
lowercases them.
This check and some other functionality can be bypassed by passing
uts46=True to idna.encode/decode. This allows a more permissive and
convenient interface. So far it seems like the balanced approach.
Example output (from idna==2.6):
>> idna.encode(u'mahmöud.io')
'xn--mahmud-zxa.io'
>> idna.encode(u'Mahmöud.io')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/home/mahmoud/virtualenvs/hyperlink/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/idna/core.py", line 355, in encode
result.append(alabel(label))
File "/home/mahmoud/virtualenvs/hyperlink/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/idna/core.py", line 276, in alabel
check_label(label)
File "/home/mahmoud/virtualenvs/hyperlink/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/idna/core.py", line 253, in check_label
raise InvalidCodepoint('Codepoint {0} at position {1} of {2} not allowed'.format(_unot(cp_value), pos+1, repr(label)))
idna.core.InvalidCodepoint: Codepoint U+004D at position 1 of u'Mahmöud' not allowed
>> idna.encode(u'Mahmoud.io')
'Mahmoud.io'
# Similar behavior for decodes below
>> idna.decode(u'Mahmoud.io')
u'mahmoud.io
>> idna.decode(u'Méhmoud.io', uts46=True)
u'méhmoud.io'
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more details, see `RFC 3986 section 5.2.4, Remove Dot Segments`_.
Args:
path: sequence of path segments in text form
Returns:
A new sequence of path segments with the '.' and '..' elements removed
and resolved.
.. _RFC 3986 section 5.2.4, Remove Dot Segments: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.2.4
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3 d Rp Y3# i ; i)a Parse the host into a tuple of ``(family, host)``, where family
is the appropriate :mod:`socket` module constant when the host is
an IP address. Family is ``None`` when the host is not an IP.
Will raise :class:`URLParseError` on invalid IPv6 constants.
Returns:
family (socket constant or None), host (string)
>>> import socket
>>> parse_host('googlewebsite.com') == (None, 'googlewebsite.com')
True
>>> parse_host('::1') == (socket.AF_INET6, '::1')
True
>>> parse_host('192.168.1.1') == (socket.AF_INET, '192.168.1.1')
True
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overlook their complexity and power. With hyperlink's
:class:`URL` type, working with URLs doesn't have to be hard.
URLs are made of many parts. Most of these parts are officially
named in `RFC 3986`_ and this diagram may prove handy in identifying
them::
foo://user:pass@example.com:8042/over/there?name=ferret#nose
\_/ \_______/ \_________/ \__/\_________/ \_________/ \__/
| | | | | | |
scheme userinfo host port path query fragment
While :meth:`~URL.from_text` is used for parsing whole URLs, the
:class:`URL` constructor builds a URL from the individual
components, like so::
>>> from hyperlink import URL
>>> url = URL(scheme=u'https', host=u'example.com', path=[u'hello', u'world'])
>>> print(url.to_text())
https://example.com/hello/world
The constructor runs basic type checks. All strings are expected
to be text (:class:`str` in Python 3, :class:`unicode` in Python 2). All
arguments are optional, defaulting to appropriately empty values. A full
list of constructor arguments is below.
Args:
scheme: The text name of the scheme.
host: The host portion of the network location
port: The port part of the network location. If ``None`` or no port is
passed, the port will default to the default port of the scheme, if
it is known. See the ``SCHEME_PORT_MAP`` and
:func:`register_default_port` for more info.
path: A tuple of strings representing the slash-separated parts of the
path, each percent-encoded.
query: The query parameters, as a dictionary or as an sequence of
percent-encoded key-value pairs.
fragment: The fragment part of the URL.
rooted: A rooted URL is one which indicates an absolute path.
This is True on any URL that includes a host, or any relative URL
that starts with a slash.
userinfo: The username or colon-separated username:password pair.
uses_netloc: Indicates whether ``://`` (the "netloc separator") will
appear to separate the scheme from the *path* in cases where no
host is present.
Setting this to ``True`` is a non-spec-compliant affordance for the
common practice of having URIs that are *not* URLs (cannot have a
'host' part) but nevertheless use the common ``://`` idiom that
most people associate with URLs; e.g. ``message:`` URIs like
``message://message-id`` being equivalent to ``message:message-id``.
This may be inferred based on the scheme depending on whether
:func:`register_scheme` has been used to register the scheme and
should not be passed directly unless you know the scheme works like
this and you know it has not been registered.
All of these parts are also exposed as read-only attributes of :class:`URL`
instances, along with several useful methods.
.. _RFC 3986: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986
.. _RFC 3987: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3987
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:attr:`host`, and almost never appears without it.
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to the scheme's default port. If the scheme's default port is
not known, and the port is not provided, this attribute will
be set to None.
>>> URL.from_text(u'http://example.com/pa/th').port
80
>>> URL.from_text(u'foo://example.com/pa/th').port
>>> URL.from_text(u'foo://example.com:8042/pa/th').port
8042
.. note::
Per the standard, when the port is the same as the schemes
default port, it will be omitted in the text URL.
)rQ r+ s &r" rD �URL.port@ s � �, �z�z�r% c � � V P # )z�A tuple of strings, created by splitting the slash-separated
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:meth:`~hyperlink.URL.get()`, :meth:`~hyperlink.URL.add()`,
:meth:`~hyperlink.URL.set()`, and
:meth:`~hyperlink.URL.delete()`.
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after the :attr:`~hyperlink.URL.path` or
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of a secondary resource, like an anchor within an HTML page.
)rO r+ s &r" rC � URL.fragmentr s � � �~�~� r% c � � V P # )aG Whether or not the path starts with a forward slash (``/``).
This is taken from the terminology in the BNF grammar,
specifically the "path-rootless", rule, since "absolute path"
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not contain the implicit prefixed ``"/"`` since that is
somewhat awkward to work with.
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>>> url = URL.from_text(u'http://user:pass@localhost:8080/a/b?x=y')
>>> url.authority()
u'user:@localhost:8080'
>>> url.authority(with_password=True)
u'user:pass@localhost:8080'
Args:
with_password: Whether the return value of this method include the
password in the URL, if it is set.
Defaults to False.
Returns:
Text: The authority (network location and user information) portion
of the URL.
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False
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the value on the current URL.
Args:
scheme: The text name of the scheme.
host: The host portion of the network location.
path: A tuple of strings representing the slash-separated parts of
the path.
query: The query parameters, as a dictionary or as an sequence of
key-value pairs.
fragment: The fragment part of the URL.
port: The port part of the network location.
rooted: Whether or not the path begins with a slash.
userinfo: The username or colon-separated username:password pair.
uses_netloc: Indicates whether ``://`` (the "netloc separator")
will appear to separate the scheme from the *path* in cases
where no host is present.
Setting this to ``True`` is a non-spec-compliant affordance for
the common practice of having URIs that are *not* URLs (cannot
have a 'host' part) but nevertheless use the common ``://``
idiom that most people associate with URLs; e.g. ``message:``
URIs like ``message://message-id`` being equivalent to
``message:message-id``.
This may be inferred based on the scheme depending on whether
:func:`register_scheme` has been used to register the scheme
and should not be passed directly unless you know the scheme
works like this and you know it has not been registered.
Returns:
URL: A copy of the current :class:`URL`, with new values for
parameters passed.
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URLs from parts, :meth:`~URL.from_text` supports parsing whole
URLs from their string form::
>>> URL.from_text(u'http://example.com')
URL.from_text(u'http://example.com')
>>> URL.from_text(u'?a=b&x=y')
URL.from_text(u'?a=b&x=y')
As you can see above, it's also used as the :func:`repr` of
:class:`URL` objects. The natural counterpart to
:func:`~URL.to_text()`. This method only accepts *text*, so be
sure to decode those bytestrings.
Args:
text: A valid URL string.
Returns:
URL: The structured object version of the parsed string.
.. note::
Somewhat unexpectedly, URLs are a far more permissive
format than most would assume. Many strings which don't
look like URLs are still valid URLs. As a result, this
method only raises :class:`URLParseError` on invalid port
and IPv6 values in the host portion of the URL.
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i ) a( Return a new URL object with several standard normalizations
applied:
* Decode unreserved characters (`RFC 3986 2.3`_)
* Uppercase remaining percent-encoded octets (`RFC 3986 2.1`_)
* Convert scheme and host casing to lowercase (`RFC 3986 3.2.2`_)
* Resolve any "." and ".." references in the path (`RFC 3986 6.2.2.3`_)
* Ensure an ending slash on URLs with an empty path (`RFC 3986 6.2.3`_)
* Encode any stray percent signs (`%`) in percent-encoded
fields (path, query, fragment, userinfo) (`RFC 3986 2.4`_)
All are applied by default, but normalizations can be disabled
per-part by passing `False` for that part's corresponding
name.
Args:
scheme: Convert the scheme to lowercase
host: Convert the host to lowercase
path: Normalize the path (see above for details)
query: Normalize the query string
fragment: Normalize the fragment
userinfo: Normalize the userinfo
percents: Encode isolated percent signs for any percent-encoded
fields which are being normalized (defaults to `True`).
>>> url = URL.from_text(u'Http://example.COM/a/../b/./c%2f?%61%')
>>> print(url.normalize().to_text())
http://example.com/b/c%2F?a%25
.. _RFC 3986 3.2.2: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2
.. _RFC 3986 2.3: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.3
.. _RFC 3986 2.1: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.1
.. _RFC 3986 6.2.2.3: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-6.2.2.3
.. _RFC 3986 6.2.3: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-6.2.3
.. _RFC 3986 2.4: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.4
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pV P VR7 # u upi )a= Make a new :class:`URL` where the given path segments are a child
of this URL, preserving other parts of the URL, including the
query string and fragment.
For example::
>>> url = URL.from_text(u'http://localhost/a/b?x=y')
>>> child_url = url.child(u"c", u"d")
>>> child_url.to_text()
u'http://localhost/a/b/c/d?x=y'
Args:
segments: Additional parts to be joined and added to the path, like
:func:`os.path.join`. Special characters in segments will be
percent encoded.
Returns:
URL: A copy of the current URL with the extra path segments.
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sibling of this URL path.
Args:
segment: A single path segment.
Returns:
URL: A copy of the current URL with the last path segment
replaced by *segment*. Special characters such as
``/?#`` will be percent encoded.
r8 Nr� r� )r� r~ r* rs r` )r! r; r� s && r" �sibling� URL.sibling sB � � �>�7�+�����#�C�R�(�,=�g�,F�+H�H���|�|��|�*�*r% c �B � V' dP \ V\ 4 ' d TpM!\ RV4 \ P V4 pVP ' d V# MT pVP
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V P
pT P VP ;' g
V P VP ;' g
V P VP ;' g
V P \ V4 VVP R7 # )a� Resolve the given URL relative to this URL.
The resulting URI should match what a web browser would
generate if you visited the current URL and clicked on *href*.
>>> url = URL.from_text(u'http://blog.hatnote.com/')
>>> url.click(u'/post/155074058790').to_text()
u'http://blog.hatnote.com/post/155074058790'
>>> url = URL.from_text(u'http://localhost/a/b/c/')
>>> url.click(u'../d/./e').to_text()
u'http://localhost/a/b/d/e'
Args (Text):
href: A string representing a clicked URL.
Return:
A copy of the current URL with navigation logic applied.
For more information, see `RFC 3986 section 5`_.
.. _RFC 3986 section 5: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5
z relative URLz!absolute URI with rootless path: N)r� r# rD r* rU rC r� )r� r5 r� r� r� rU r� r� �NotImplementedErrorr* r~ r` r# rD r- rC )r! �href�clickedrU r* s && r" �click� URL.click+ s7 � �0 ��$��$�$� ��
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u� Make a new :class:`URL` instance with all non-ASCII characters
appropriately percent-encoded. This is useful to do in preparation
for sending a :class:`URL` over a network protocol.
For example::
>>> URL.from_text(u'https://ايران.com/foo⇧bar/').to_uri()
URL.from_text(u'https://xn--mgba3a4fra.com/foo%E2%87%A7bar/')
Returns:
URL: A new instance with its path segments, query parameters, and
hostname encoded, so that they are all in the standard
US-ASCII range.
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characters decoded into human-readable format.
Percent-encoded Unicode and IDNA-encoded hostnames are
decoded, like so::
>>> url = URL.from_text(u'https://xn--mgba3a4fra.example.com/foo%E2%87%A7bar/')
>>> print(url.to_iri().to_text())
https://ايران.example.com/foo⇧bar/
.. note::
As a general Python issue, "narrow" (UCS-2) builds of
Python may not be able to fully decode certain URLs, and
the in those cases, this method will return a best-effort,
partially-decoded, URL which is still valid. This issue
does not affect any Python builds 3.4+.
Returns:
URL: A new instance with its path segments, query parameters, and
hostname decoded for display purposes.
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4 # )aM Render this URL to its textual representation.
By default, the URL text will *not* include a password, if one
is set. RFC 3986 considers using URLs to represent such
sensitive information as deprecated. Quoting from RFC 3986,
`section 3.2.1`:
"Applications should not render as clear text any data after the
first colon (":") character found within a userinfo subcomponent
unless the data after the colon is the empty string (indicating no
password)."
Args (bool):
with_password: Whether or not to include the password in the URL
text. Defaults to False.
Returns:
Text: The serialized textual representation of this URL, such as
``u"http://example.com/some/path?some=query"``.
The natural counterpart to :class:`URL.from_text()`.
.. _section 3.2.1: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.1
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Allows for direct usage of URL objects with libraries like
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issue #49.
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*name*, added to it with the value *value*, like so::
>>> URL.from_text(u'https://example.com/?x=y').add(u'x')
URL.from_text(u'https://example.com/?x=y&x')
>>> URL.from_text(u'https://example.com/?x=y').add(u'x', u'z')
URL.from_text(u'https://example.com/?x=y&x=z')
Args:
name: The name of the query parameter to add.
The part before the ``=``.
value: The value of the query parameter to add.
The part after the ``=``.
Defaults to ``None``, meaning no value.
Returns:
URL: A new :class:`URL` instance with the parameter added.
�rU �r` rU �r! r r� s &&&r" r� �URL.add@ s# � �( �|�|�$�*�*��
�/?�"?�|�@�@r% c �� a� V P UUu. uF w r4VS8w g K W43NK ppp\ V3R l\ V P 4 4 R4 pSV3.WVV% V P VR7 # u uppi )a� Make a new :class:`URL` instance with the query parameter *name*
set to *value*. All existing occurences, if any are replaced
by the single name-value pair.
>>> URL.from_text(u'https://example.com/?x=y').set(u'x')
URL.from_text(u'https://example.com/?x')
>>> URL.from_text(u'https://example.com/?x=y').set(u'x', u'z')
URL.from_text(u'https://example.com/?x=z')
Args:
name: The name of the query parameter to set.
The part before the ``=``.
value: The value of the query parameter to set.
The part after the ``=``.
Defaults to ``None``, meaning no value.
Returns:
URL: A new :class:`URL` instance with the parameter set.
c 3 �D <" � T F w pw r#VS8X g K Vx � K R # 5ir r3 �r: r\ rA r] r s & �r" r< �URL.set.<locals>.<genexpr>n s! �� � � E�"7�;�A�v��1��9�Q�Q�"7�� � �
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>>> url = URL.from_text(u'?x=1&x=2')
>>> url.get('x')
[u'1', u'2']
>>> url.get('y')
[]
If the given *name* is not set, an empty list is returned. A
list is always returned, and this method raises no exceptions.
Args:
name: The name of the query parameter to get.
Returns:
List[Optional[Text]]: A list of all the values associated with the
key, in string form.
r� )r! r �keyr� s && r" rG �URL.gets s( � �( +/�*�*�D�*�,�3�� ���*�D�D��D� �
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parameter *name* removed, or, if *value* is set, parameters
matching *name* and *value*. No exception is raised if the
parameter is not already set.
Args:
name: The name of the query parameter to remove.
value: Optional value to additionally filter on.
Setting this removes query parameters which match both name
and value.
limit: Optional maximum number of parameters to remove.
Returns:
URL: A new :class:`URL` instance with the parameter removed.
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:class:`DecodedURL` is a type designed to act as a higher-level
interface to :class:`URL` and the recommended type for most
operations. By analogy, :class:`DecodedURL` is the
:class:`unicode` to URL's :class:`bytes`.
:class:`DecodedURL` automatically handles encoding and decoding
all its components, such that all inputs and outputs are in a
maximally-decoded state. Note that this means, for some special
cases, a URL may not "roundtrip" character-for-character, but this
is considered a good tradeoff for the safety of automatic
encoding.
Otherwise, :class:`DecodedURL` has almost exactly the same API as
:class:`URL`.
Where applicable, a UTF-8 encoding is presumed. Be advised that
some interactions can raise :exc:`UnicodeEncodeErrors` and
:exc:`UnicodeDecodeErrors`, just like when working with
bytestrings. Examples of such interactions include handling query
strings encoding binary data, and paths containing segments with
special characters encoded with codecs other than UTF-8.
Args:
url: A :class:`URL` object to wrap.
lazy: Set to True to avoid pre-decode all parts of the URL to check for
validity.
Defaults to False.
query_plus_is_space: + characters in the query string should be treated
as spaces when decoding. If unspecified, the default is taken from
the scheme.
.. note::
The :class:`DecodedURL` initializer takes a :class:`URL` object,
not URL components, like :class:`URL`. To programmatically
construct a :class:`DecodedURL`, you can use this pattern:
>>> print(DecodedURL().replace(scheme=u'https',
... host=u'pypi.org', path=(u'projects', u'hyperlink')).to_text())
https://pypi.org/projects/hyperlink
.. versionadded:: 18.0.0
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Args:
text: Text containing the URL
lazy: Whether to pre-decode all parts of the URL to check for
validity.
Defaults to True.
)r\ r� )r5 r� )r� ri r\ r� r' s &&&& r" r� �DecodedURL.from_text s � � �}�}�T�"���4�8K�L�Lr% c � � V P # )zUAccess the underlying :class:`URL` object, which has any special
characters encoded.
)r' r+ s &r" � encoded_url�DecodedURL.encoded_url s � � �y�y�r% c �8 � V P P V4 # )z/Passthrough to :meth:`~hyperlink.URL.to_text()`)r' r� )r! r s &&r" r� �DecodedURL.to_text s � � �y�y� � � �/�/r% c �6 � V P P 4 # )z.Passthrough to :meth:`~hyperlink.URL.to_uri()`)r' r� r+ s &r" r� �DecodedURL.to_uri � � � �y�y� � �!�!r% c �6 � V P P 4 # )z.Passthrough to :meth:`~hyperlink.URL.to_iri()`)r' r� r+ s &r" r� �DecodedURL.to_iri" r4 r% c �< � V P VV P R 7 # ))r� )r) r( )r! r) s &&r" �_clone�DecodedURL._clone' s$ � ��~�~� � $� 9� 9� �
�
r% c � � \ V\ 4 ' d
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:meth:`~hyperlink.URL.click()`
)r� )r� r_ r' r8 r� )r! r� s &&r" r� �DecodedURL.click/ s= � �
�d�J� '� '��9�9�D��{�{� �I�I�O�O��O� &�
�
r% c �h � V P V P P \ V4 4 4 # )z�Automatically encode any reserved characters in *segment* and
return a new `DecodedURL` wrapping the result of
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)r8 r' r� rn )r! r; s &&r" r� �DecodedURL.sibling: s- � � �{�{� �I�I� � � .�w� 7� 8�
�
r% c � � V' g V # V Uu. uF p\ V4 NK ppV P V P P ! V! 4 # u upi )z�Automatically encode any reserved characters in *segments* and
return a new `DecodedURL` wrapping the result of
:meth:`~hyperlink.URL.child()`.
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i )aa While the signature is the same, this `replace()` differs a little
from URL.replace. For instance, it accepts userinfo as a
tuple, not as a string, handling the case of having a username
containing a `:`. As with the rest of the methods on
DecodedURL, if you pass a reserved character, it will be
automatically encoded instead of an error being raised.
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Automatically turn text into a structured URL object.
>>> url = parse(u"https://github.com/python-hyper/hyperlink")
>>> print(url.to_text())
https://github.com/python-hyper/hyperlink
Args:
url: A text string representation of a URL.
decoded: Whether or not to return a :class:`DecodedURL`,
which automatically handles all
encoding/decoding/quoting/unquoting for all the various
accessors of parts of the URL, or a :class:`URL`,
which has the same API, but requires handling of special
characters for different parts of the URL.
lazy: In the case of `decoded=True`, this controls
whether the URL is decoded immediately or as accessed. The
default, `lazy=False`, checks all encoded parts of the URL
for decodability.
.. versionadded:: 18.0.0
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